BULLETIN OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION - NR.18 / 2009

1. STUDY ABOUT DIFFERENCES ON PB ACCUMULATION AMONG PLANT TISSUES

Pîrvulescu Mihaela, Marica Mariana
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
Pollution of agricultural land by heavy metals has imposed an increasingly serious risk to environmental and human health in recent years. Heavy metal pollutants may enter the human food chain through agricultural products and groundwater from the polluted soils. Progress has been made in the past decade on phytoremediation, a safe and inexpensive approach to remove contaminants from
soil and water using plants. If we can find crop germoplasms (including species and varieties) that accumulate heavy metals in their edible parts, such as the leaves of vegetables or grains of cereals, at a level low enough for safe consumption, then we can grow these selected species or varieties in the lands contaminated or potentially contaminated by heavy metals. If we can find crop germoplasms that take in low concentrations of heavy metals in their edible parts and high content of the metals in their inedible parts, then we can use these selected species or varieties for soil remediation. In this study, the feasibility of the method is assessed by analyzing Pb concentrations in edible and inedible parts of varieties of maize (Zea mays) grown in Pb-contaminated soils.

Key words: pollution, Pb-contaminated soils, heavy metals, Zea mays, EDTA-Na2 solution.

2. INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES AND OPERATIVE MACHINES FOR SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT OF WEED FLORA IN AGRICULTURE AND URBAN AREA IN CENTRAL ITALY

Peruzzi A.¹, Fantoni E.², Ginanni M.¹, Raffaelli M.¹, Fontanelli M.¹
¹ Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerce Agro-Ambientali “Enrico Avanzi”, University of Pisa
² Comune di San Giuliano Terme, Pisa

Abstract:
Weed management is absolutely one of the most serious problems, both in
agriculture and urban or sub-urban areas. Concerning the first case, weed control
is particularly difficult when applied to organic agriculture and in general to
vegetable crops, while urban areas ordinary treatments (herbicide application or
mechanical mowing) are usually expensive, not very effective, dangerous and ruled by strict laws in Italy. Since 2002 the University of Pisa has been researching on innovative strategies and machines for physical weed control on the most widespread vegetable crops and in urban areas, in cooperation with the municipalities of San Giuliano Terme, Vecchiano, Livorno and Pisa. Very interesting results were achieved on spinach, cabbage, tomato and on many typology of hard surfaces located in different areas in the cities of Pisa and Livorno, concerning yield (only in agriculture), weed suppression, operative
and economic parameters. Further trials in urban and sub-urban areas are ready to
start in the municipality of San Giuliano Terme.

Key words: agriculture and urban or sub-urban areas, operative machines, hard surface.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CAUSED BY WILD BOAR (SUS SCROFA) IN CHESTNUT WOOD (CASTANEA SATIVA)

Pistoia Alessandro¹, Masciandaro Graziana², Balestri Gino¹, Mani Danilo¹, Poli Piera¹, Fantoni Elena³
¹ D.A.G.A. Sezione Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Pisa, Italy
² ISE-CNR Pisa
³ Comune di San Giuliano, Pisa

Abstract:
In a mountain woodland of Tuscany (Italy) characterised by wild boar presence were carried out experimental controls to evaluate damages caused by wild boar on trees, underwood, herbage and soil through comparative observations and chemical analysis of soil samples on disturbed and undisturbed areas. The results show plant damages by the barking of the trunk caused by the wild boar habitus to scratch itself and by the selective grazing of underwood species. The soil was compacted by excessive trampling with porosity loss (Aggregate stability index: 74.5% vs. 56.1%) that increased rainfall erosion. All that caused considerable loss of organic matter with decrease of C organic (2.89% vs. 1.95%) and N total (0.26% vs. 0.21%). Furthermore it has been evidenced a decrease of soil microbial (ATP microbial: 804.77 vs.237.71 ngATP/gDM; Microbial breathing: 12.98 vs. 4.90 mgCCO2/Kg-1d-1) and enzyme activities (total β-glucosidase: 192.12 vs. 21.71 μgPNF/gDM*h).

Key words: mountain woodland, Tuscany, microbial breathing, Sus scrofa.

4. A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING THE CALCIUM TARTRATE FROM VINE-PRODUCTION WASTES

Mencinicopschi Gh.¹, Apostol Livia¹, Nicole Livia Atudosiei²
¹ Institute of Food Research, Bucharest, Romania
² Bioterra University of Bucharest, Romania

Abstract:
This paper, a part of ECOTECH - Research Project, provides the capitalization of the vine-production wastes, by using an integral technology (without other residuals) in order to obtain very useful products such as: calcium tartrate and the tartric acid, a very useful agricultural fertilizer represented by the mehanogen - fermentated mud. This can be done by means of chemical technology combined with a biotechnology process. Our research aim was to proper use the phsycal-chemical features of the potassium bi-tartrate as a main source of the obtaining
of the calcium tartrate and finally, of the tartric acid. The proposed method for the
obtaining of the calcium tartrate is a very simple one, which can be used easily in a
wine-factory, with very simple equipment, for different sizes, depending on various capacities of the tartric acid sources.

Key words: Ecotech, calcium tartrate, tartric acid, vine-production wastes, wine-yeast

5. ASSESSMENT AND ALTERATION OF THE SUPPLY OF SERVICES STRATEGY IN THE AREA OF AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS AFFAIRS RUCAR-BRAN

Sararu Sia, Florescu Geanina
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
The problem of future sources of financing development Agro is a problem
common to all such areas in Romania. With regard to resources and results can
be said that economic activities in tourism are represented by the farm business itself. That is significant that in the current phase of the villages in the area Affairs-Bran, predominantly through investment, was an increase in tourist activity and hence an increase in tourism demand, to achieve without a comprehensive settlement for the entire promotion.

Key words: tourist activity, farm business, area Affairs-Bran.

6. GETTING THE CHICORY (CICHORYUM INTYBUS) AND MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS CONCENTRATE - A WAY OF SUPERIOR CAPITALIZATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PLANTS

Marica Mariana¹, Floarea Nicolae¹, Atudosiei Nicole Livia¹, Stefanescu Paul²
¹ Bioterra University of Bucharest
² Romanian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry

Abstract:
This paper presents a way of better yield for the Cichorium intybus (mainly), blended with some indigenous medicinal and aromatic plants in order to obtain a flavored soluble natural concentrate that can successfully be used within the sanogenetic nutrition as biostimulative soft drinks. The special rich chemical composition of chicory: inuline, glycoides, poliphenols, sugars, proteins, lipids, superior terpenoides, vitamins (C, B1, B2, B5), minerals (K, Na, Mg, P, Fe) it is the main reason for its use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The natural concentrate of chicory, blended with medicinal and aromatic plants, it has a trophic, biostimulative, energizing, and choleretic action, and it can be used for
the preparation of soft drink, fruit juice, syrupus; it has a delicious taste and the
pleasant flavor is given by the roasted chicory, medicinal and aromatic plants
within the product recipe. The technological process doesn’t involve much energy
consumption, it is simple and economical and can be performed using the current
equipment of the food industry; it doesn’t require a special previous preparation and it may be easily controlled concerning the quality of the raw material and finished product during the technological flow. The industrial concentrate production enables the superior capitalization of some indigenous vegetal raw materials at high quality, high taste, and low cost as food products.

Key words: Cichoryum intybus, aromatic plants, biostimulative soft drinks, inuline (polyfructozan).

7. POLLUTION IN AGRICULTURE

Marica Mariana, Mihaila Daniela, Cotianu Razvan, Poparlan Alina
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
20% of all Europe’s underground waters are polluted, according to a report conditioned by the “European Agency for Environment”. In the West Europe
15% of the population doesn’t have direct access to tape water (drinking water) that is according to the safety standards; meaning it has excess of bacteria, being not good for consume. In the East of Europe 30% of the people are confronted with this problem.

Key words: reduction of the pollution, nitrates, European Agency for Environment.

8. INTEGRATION IMPACT ROMANIA OVER THE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD INDUSTRY LASTING DEVELOPMENT

Marica Mariana, Mihaila Daniela, Poparlan Alina
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
For Romania a lasting development means management and essential natural resources preservation as soil, water, plants, animal genetic resources, environment, and orientation for the next generation, agriculture and food sphere
development about the European Union market, as well as institutional preparation
for getting the European funds. For a lasting development it is very important the
quantitative and qualitative food safety that requires a new food policy accordingly to an agricultural policy and, in the same time, with a community policy of reconciliation between economy and environment using a new development manner to sustain the human progress in the future.

Key words: Food Industry, European Union market, Commune Agricultural Policy, SAPARD program.

9. APPRAISAL OF THE GENETIC PERFORMANCE AT SOME NEW SOY BEAN CULTIVARS OBTAINED AT FUNDULEA RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL INSTITUTE

Popârlan Alina, Marica Mariana
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
The article displays the study of the genetic performances appraisal at the
soy bean cultivars Columna, Neoplanta, Triumf, Danubiana, Onix, Romanesc 99,
during the period 2004-2008.

Key words: Glycine max, soy bean, appraisal of the genetic performance, lipids/protean content in beans, features of peculiarity, resistibility against specific.

10. THE ROMANIAN AGRICULTURE AFTER THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF EUROPEAN UNION MEMBERSHIP

Camelia Gavrilescu, Dinu Gavrilescu
Romanian Institute for Agricultural Economics

Abstract:
EU membership starting January 1, 2007 is by far the main political and economic event Romania experienced since 1989. An important number of political achievements and economic progress aiming at fulfilling the conditions for accession occurred during the last two pre-accession years, 2005 and 2006. After accession, economic growth continued, but Romania experienced, as other new member states, a slowing pace of development, a reversion of the appreciation
trend of the national currency, a reversal of the deflation trend and an increase in
prices. The international economic crisis did not hit yet severely the country, but
its first waves could be felt already by the end of 2008. Huge efforts for adaptation
to EU requirements have been made in the agricultural sector, and in 2008 only some results have been seen, since the terrible heat and draught in 2007 resulted in very low crop productions and pushing up the domestic agrifood prices, as well as the imports.

Key words: EU membership, agri-food prices, agrifood trade.

11. ELABORATION THE VITICULTURE FENOCALENDAR

Marica Mariana, Nicolae Marian, Dulugeac Adrian
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
The researches insided in the Viticol Research Center of Drăgăşani, since the 1977-1998 followed up a sequencetial knowing of daily bioritm of the dried substance accumulation on the trunk which depends on thermal radiation (observations, remarks, determinations, analyses: the usually temperature, the active temperature and the operative temperature) for the main fenophases, stades and the fenologichal microstades on a side and the elaboration technological viticol optimized fenocalendar (FTVO).

Key words: daily bioritm, thermal radiation, viticulture fenocalendar.

12. OLD AND NEW FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS AND THEIR RELATION WITH THE NEW RETAIL FORMS

Camelia Gavrilescu, Dinu Gavrilescu, Crina Turtoi, Camelia Toma
Institute of Agricultural Economic Bucharest

Abstract:
The structural changes in the whole Romanian agrifood sector occurred after 1990 induced major changes in the functioning and flows of the food supply chains. The globalization and concentration of retail, the conversion of supply-oriented production to demand-driven food chains, and the increasing importance of quality grades and standards, have had a huge impact upon primary producers in Romania and their linkages to the market. While the international supermarkets chains are inducing processes of standardization in order to create uniform efficient sourcing structures, the national organizational modes of supply remain diverse and fluid. The producers’ organizations are still weakly represented and hence not able to influence significantly the organization of supply. The paper is studying the changes occurred in the food supply chains and is trying to identify possible solutions to bring the Romanian farmers closer to be integrated in the modern types of retail.

Key words: Food Supply Chains, Traditional trade, Modern Retail, Romania.

13. FORMS OF INTEGRATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF MARKET SERVICE ACTIVITIES IN AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS

Sararu Sia, Florescu Geanina, Lepadatu Cristian Ion
Bioterra University of Bucharest

Abstract:
Although the service activities of the farms faced many problems, it is expected to know in the next period (2009-2025) these mutations Very positive, both quantitative and qualitative circumscribing the option of the fundamental policy of
integration into European economic and global levels. A mutation also implies, above all, the orientation through the appropriate policies and strategies of all service activities for the rural market integration in the European single market.

Key words : rural market, European single market, agricultural exploitations